The Pantheon+ supernova sample, consisting of over 1,500 Type Ia supernovae spanning redshifts from the local universe to z~2.3, provides distance measurements that are used to constrain the expansion history of the universe. When analyzed independently, the Pantheon+ data suggests a value for the Hubble constant (H0) and matter density that differs systematically from values inferred from the early-universe Cosmic Microwave Background observations by the Planck satellite, creating tension in the cosmological parameter space (Riess 2022; Brout 2022). Lambda-CDM struggles to reconcile these discrepancies because the model assumes a smooth, homogeneous expansion from a singular hot dense origin with a cosmological constant that remains fixed across all epochs, leaving no room for systematic variations in the distance-redshift relation that could arise from inhomogeneities, local environmental effects, or errors in the standardization of supernovae as distance indicators.