The thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect and the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect are spectral distortions of the cosmic microwave background caused by hot electrons in galaxy clusters scattering CMB photons. The tSZ measures the thermal energy of the gas, while the kSZ measures the line-of-sight velocity of the gas relative to the CMB rest frame. Observations reveal statistical tensions in the joint tSZ-kSZ power spectra: the measured kSZ power is lower than expected given the tSZ power and cluster abundances, the correlation between tSZ and kSZ signals shows unexpected directional dependence, and the implied peculiar velocities from kSZ measurements are systematically higher than predicted by Lambda-CDM structure formation (Hand et al. 2012; Schaan et al. 2016). Lambda-CDM struggles to reconcile these tensions because the same density field and gravitational potential that drive structure formation should produce consistent tSZ (from gas heating via gravitational collapse) and kSZ (from bulk flows toward overdensities) signatures, yet the observed statistics suggest either that the gas is hotter than expected, moving faster than predicted, or distributed differently than the dark matter halos that dominate the gravitational field.